Understand everything about breast surgery.

Breast surgery is a procedure that alters a woman's or a man's breast look. These operations are performed for a variety of reasons. Because of the infrastructure and specialized surgeons available, many patients prefer to have breast surgery performed in Mumbai.

Enlarging the breast to provide a more youthful appearance, debulking big breasts in males, pulling up sagging breasts after childbirth, and correcting undeveloped breasts are some of the procedures performed.

Some operations, such as breast reduction, are performed to address both physical and aesthetic concerns. Breast enlargement causes significant neck, shoulder, and back pain, as well as fungal infections and physical limitations. Aside from being a source of perpetual embarrassment for a lady.

Some procedures are performed to restore breasts after being removed in part or entirely due to cancer. Breast reconstruction is also required when an injury hampers the growth of the breasts to the chest area or burns to that area, which compromises their development.

Dr. Leena Jain is a cancer reconstruction surgeon in Mumbai specializing in hand surgery, diabetic foot surgery, microsurgery, bladder reconstruction surgery, and breast surgery.

1. Breast enlargement

Breast reduction surgery, also known as reduction mammoplasty, is commonly performed in women who have large, heavy breasts and are suffering from severe discomfort due to their weight, such as neck pain, back pain, shoulder pain, and/or exhaustion. According to Dr. Leena Jain, a breast surgery expert in Mumbai, a convenient problem they confront is that they cannot obtain a large size brassier. They opt to undertake breast surgery.

Essentially, this procedure involves removing excess breast tissue, lowering the size of swollen areolae, proportionally shrinking the breasts and areolae, and redraping the skin to the new size. Breast reduction surgery is a highly satisfying operation for both the patient and the surgeon since it enhances self-esteem and confidence.

2. Breast Tuberculosis

It's a form of breast development in which the breasts are more constricted than spherical.

Tuberous breasts are caused by a lack of early growth throughout puberty, resulting in irregularly shaped, uneven, tiny, tube-like, or sagging breasts.

The underdeveloped breasts are devoid of fullness and ugly, necessitating a surgical procedure to unfold the tissues.

3. Breast enlargement

This procedure is performed to augment the size and fullness of the breasts. It can be accomplished in one of two ways:

a. Silicone implants: The implant's size is pre-selected using sizers that the patient can try on to get a sense of the final effect.

b. Using the patient's fat: A liposuction technique is used to remove fat from the patient's thigh or belly. The solid fat is purified and turned into a liquid nano fat that can be quickly injected.

4. Reconstruction of the breast (post-cancer)

Breast reconstruction surgery is for women about to have or have had a mastectomy (total breast removal) or a lumpectomy (removal of a lump) for breast cancer therapy.

Reconstruction of the breasts following total breast removal: While various factors can impact which type of breast reconstruction is best for a patient, there are two main choices:

Reconstruction using autologous or "flap" tissue:

The blood supply to the newly transferred tissue is restored by anastomosis of the blood vessels with vessels in the chest in this surgery, which involves transferring tissues from other parts of the body to the chest wall and shaping them to form a breast. Tissue or flaps from the lower belly, thighs and upper back can be used.

This is best done concurrently with tumor removal surgery to restore the patient's feminity when she wakes up. After adjuvant cancer treatment such as radiation and chemotherapy, the nipple and areola are routinely rebuilt.

5. Implant reconstruction: 

Silicone implants are used with a muscle flap/tissue extracted from the back to conceal the implants. This operation is performed on females who do not have access to other flap sites or who have other comorbidities.

6. Reconstruction of the breasts following breast-conserving surgery:

Oncoplastic Breast Surgery is a treatment in which only a lump/tumor is removed, and the rest of the breast is preserved. After the lump/tumor is removed, the patient will require some type of plastic surgery to restore the volume lost and maintain the symmetry of the two breasts. After the tumor has been removed at the same stage, this is done. 

Depending on the location of the tumor and the current breast volume, a variety of techniques can be used to restore volume and symmetry. The additional tissue required to restore small breasts is frequently taken from the surrounding area, and scars are barely noticeable after 6-8 months.

Breast reduction surgery is planned so that the tumor-containing breast tissue is removed in the event of big breasts. This aids in the removal of malignancies and extra breast tissue in the patient.

7. Gynaecomastia

Gynecomastia is the name for a male's breast tissue expansion. It's a rather prevalent condition that affects boys during adolescence, middle age, and later life (60 years and older). In men, gynecomastia can run in families or be caused by hormonal shifts or pharmacological side effects. One or both breasts may be affected.

Gynecomastia that develops throughout adolescence is self-limiting; however, surgery is recommended if it does not cure within two years or causes discomfort.

It's a daycare procedure that involves liposuction and, in some cases, a minor incision to remove different glands and fat.

Patients must wear a compression garment/tight vest for three months after surgery.

8. Breast Reconstruction After Burns:

If a female child's breast bud is wounded or surrounded by dense scars from chest burns, it can hinder breast development during puberty.

Scald burns, which are frequent in infants, do not result in deep burns that damage the breast bud, but the scarring that develops can limit the growth of the breasts.

Reconstruction is accomplished by removing all scar bands surrounding the breast and replacing them with healthy tissue sourced from elsewhere, allowing the breasts to unfurl when they begin to expand during adolescence.

9. Nipple Reconstruction: 

Nipples can be damaged by burns or surgically removed after cancer treatment.

After cancer treatment is completed, or after all burns have healed, and scars have been addressed, nipple reconstruction is performed.

The nipple is recreated using flap tissue that was previously used to restore the breast. To produce the new nipple, little flaps are lifted at a specific place and sutured to give an appealing elevation. This is a day operation that is performed under local anesthesia.

10. Nipple Reduction

Nipples may be huge in females and males, causing them to be visible under regular clothing, necessitating surgical reduction to limit their visibility.

Under local anesthesia, nipple reduction surgery debulks the nipple in three dimensions and provides a long-lasting outcome.