All You Need To Know About Electric Motors

An electric motor is an electro-mechanical device that transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy. An electric motor produces force when the magnetic field and electric current comes in contact with each other. The force is produced in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field and electric current and is called rotational force. Electric Motors can be classified based onthe power source, construction, motions output type, and application. They are widely used in pumps, industrial fans, machine tools, blowers, and power tools.

A brief history of electric motors

British Scientist Michael Faraday in 1821 explained the conversion of electrical energy and electrical energy into mechanical energy. He did this by putting a conductor carrying current in the magnetic field. When this was done the conductor started rotating because of the torque that was produced after electrical current came in contact with the magnetic field. Based on the principle that was used by Michael Faraday, A direct current machine was invented by William Sturgeon in 1832. But his model was very expensive and wasn’t used for any practical purpose. In 1886m Frank Julian Sprague invented the first electric motor that rotated at a constant speed. The speed remained constant under the varied amount of load. 

Nowadays, many companies are inventing electric motors, Hindustan electric motor is one of the popular ones. 

Applications of Electric Motors

1. Electric motors are used in blowers, fans, machine tools, pumps, turbine, power tools, alternators, compressors, rolling mills, ships, movers, paper mills.

2. The electric motor is also used in heating ventilating and cooling equipment, home appliances, and motor  

Advantages of Electrical Motors   

1. Their price is low as compared to a fossil engine, but the horsepower is similar to that of a fossil engine. 

2. The lifespan of an electric motor is longer as compared to any other motor.

3. The electric motor can last up to 30,000 hours if maintained properly.

4. It requires less maintenance.

5. Electric motors are efficient and support automatic start and stop system.

6. Electric motors don’t use fuel and engine oil maintenance is not mandatory.

Types of Electric Motors

Electric motor works on alternate current as well as direct current. An alternate current motor can be further classified into Induction motors, synchronous motors, and linear motor. Two types of direct current motors are self-excited motors and compound motors. 

Construction of Electric Motor

1. Rotor-Rotor is a part that moves and rotates the shaft to generate mechanical current.

2. Bearings-Bearing supports in activating the axis of the rotor.

3. Stator-Stator is the part of the electromagnetic circuit and is made of permanent magnets.

4. Air gap-It is a gap between the stator and the rotor.

5. Windings-Windings are the wires that are placed inside the coil. It surrounds a flexible iron magnetic core to make magnetic poles. 

Electric Motors can be bought online or from a store. But to buy a good quality and branded motor a reputed seller must be chosen.