All About Soft and Hard Water
Hard water and Soft Water is defined as:
"Hard water is any water containing an appreciable quantity of dissolved minerals.
Soft water is treated water in which the only cation (positively charged ion) is sodium. The minerals in water give it a characteristic taste.
Some natural mineral waters are highly sought for their flavor and the health benefits they may confer. Soft water, on the other hand, may taste salty and may not be suitable for drinking."
What are the factors regarding hard and soft water?
Soft water tastes bad because it is salty. The answer to that is that you may need a water softner. Hard water shortens the the life of plumbing, even so your appliances going through the process of usage, such as washer, dishwasher, I noticed this especially with my dishwasher when needed to change motor 3 times, you'll also notice some stains on pots and pans due to calcium and magnesium salt forms the organic acid of the soap and soap or cleaning agents is less effective in hard water.
The" salts are insolubale and form a grayish soap scum, but no cleansing lather. Detergents, on the other hand, lather in both hard and soft water. Calcium and magnesium salts of the detergent's organic acids form, but these salts are soluble in water.
When hard water is heated, the carbonates precipitate out of solution, forming scale in pipes and tea kettles. In addition to narrowing and potentially clogging the pipes, scale prevents efficient heat transfer, so a water heater with scale will have to use a lot of energy to give you hot water.
Hard water can be softened (have its minerals removed) by treating it with lime or by passing it over an ion exchange resin. The ion exchange resins are complex sodium salts. Water flows over the resin surface, dissolving the sodium. The calcium, magnesium, and other cations precipitate onto the resin surface. Sodium goes into the water, but the other cations stay with the resin. Very hard water will end up tasting saltier than water that had fewer dissolved minerals.
Most of the ions have been removed in soft water, but sodium and various anions (negatively charged ions) still remain. Water can be deionized by using a resin that replaces cations with hydrogen and anions with hydroxide. With this type of resin, the cations stick to the resin and the hydrogen and hydroxide that are released combine to form pure water."
Reference, information and Quotes: from:
Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.d.
Chemistry Guide Newsletter
About.com Chemistry
Test for Hard Water :
Example the shower door without hard water is clear while the shower door that has hard water shows scale build up and more stains on the glass window.
How to Deal with Hard Water
"The only real way to solve the problem of hard water is with a water softener. They most commonly come in cabinet and two-tank systems."
Reference information and quotes from:
Bob Formisano
Home Repair Guide Newsletter
About.com
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