What is menopause Know its causes, symptoms and treatment
What is Menopause
Menopause is
the absence of periods for at least 12 months. Menopause means that your
reproductive period is over now. Now you cannot give birth to a child. This is
a natural process so you don't have to worry too much about it.
Is Menopause
normal?
Every woman
has to face menopause in her life as it is a biological process related to
reproduction of women. The time of menopause can vary from woman to woman.
Consult your doctor for more information.
What are the
symptoms of menopause?
- Hot flash
- Irregular menstruation
- Night sweats
- Insomnia or other sleep problems
- Mood changes
- Weight gain and reduced metabolism
- Thin hair and dry skin
- Depression, Anxiety and Headache
The above
symptoms may not include some of the symptoms. If you have any doubt about any
of the symptoms, please consult a doctor.
When should I
see a doctor?
- Visit the doctor regularly from perimenopause to post-menopause.
- Start taking health care in advance for menopause.
- If you have any bleeding after menopause, seek medical attention immediately.
What causes
menopause?
The main
reason is the natural decline in reproductive hormones. As age increases,
estrogen and progesterone decrease, especially in the ovaries above 30, which
control menstruation. Fertility declines as a result. If you are around 40
years of age, the menstrual period may be more or less, the flow may be lighter
or longer, and the periods are stopped by the age of 45 - 51.
Hysterectomy
can also be a reason because the uterus is removed. There are no periods due to
the absence of uterus. Yet ovaries produce eggs that produce estrogen and
progesterone. However hysterectomy removes both the uterus and the ovaries,
causing premature menopause.
Chemotherapy and
radiation therapy can also cause menopause or show some symptoms.
In some
women, menopause occurs even before the age of 40. Which is called
pre-menopause. The number of such women is only 1 percent. If the ovaries
cannot produce normal levels of reproductive hormones that can be caused by
hereditary or autoimmune disease, menopause may occur.
Risk factors
Women who
smoke are more likely to have menopause one to two years earlier than women who
do not smoke.
Chemotherapy
or radiation therapy adopted in the treatment of cancer can have some side
effects, including premature menopause.
Hysterectomies
remove the uterus, which may increase the likelihood of menopause before
menopause.
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How is
menopause diagnosed?
Usually
doctors may consider some initial diagnosis based on symptoms. Talk to your
doctor if there is any doubt about irregular periods or hot flashes.
Blood tests
may be required to check the levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
estrogen, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). As FSH levels rise and
estradiol levels decrease, menopause occurs. In addition, underactive thyroid
(hypothyroidism) related to TSH may also give symptoms similar to menopause.
How is
menopause treated?
You do not
need any medical treatment to treat menopause. However, some women seek
treatment due to the severity of symptoms. The following treatments are
available for menopause -
Hormone
therapy is a great and effective relieving treatment. Estrogen can be given
through this therapy to relieve symptoms based on your personal and family
medical history.
Vaginal
estrogen is used to relieve vaginal dryness (vaginal dryness). Estrogen creams
or tablets are used for this.
Low-dose
antidepressants can be helpful in reducing hot flashes during menopause, if
health is not suitable for estrogen.
Lifestyle
changes and home remedies
To reduce hot
flashes one should sit in a cold room.
Get enough
sleep as well as adopt relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, massage
and progressive muscle relaxation.
Strengthen
the pelvic area with kegel exercises.
Eat a
balanced diet- Diet includes a variety of fruits, vegetables and whole grains,
along with reducing saturated fat, oil and sugar.
Exercise
regularly in menopause- Regular physical activity or exercise helps you deal
with heart disease, diabetes, osteoprosis, and other problems associated with
aging.
Include
plenty of milk products in your diet. Apart from this, eat foods rich in
calcium such as sesame, soybeans, ragi and nutritious foods like - juice, whole
grains etc.
Iron garden
cress is found in seeds (halim), black raisins, leafy green vegetables, and
chicken liver. I always recommend that you eat foods rich in iron. For better
absorption of iron, take vitamin C-rich foods like lemon and orange juice.
Avoid taking calcium and fiber-rich food with iron-rich food, as it reduces the
absorption of iron.
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