A Primer on Feline Leukemia
Feline leukemia is an infectious disease affecting around 3% of cats in
the United States. Since it can be fatal, pet owners should learn and take the
appropriate measures to protect their beloved companions from this illness. Here's
critical information they should know.
What Is It?
This highly contagious disease is caused by the feline leukemia virus
(FeLV). It spreads when healthy cats come in contact with infected ones for a
prolonged time. Large quantities of the pathogen are found in the saliva, and
they're transmitted through mutual grooming, sharing food, and biting.
FeLV weakens a cat's immune system, making them prone to other
illnesses and complications. Despite its namesake, it isn't a form of cancer.
But, it can lead to that. As the disease progresses, infected animals can develop
tumors, so it should be detected immediately.
What Are Its Signs?
It's difficult to notice this medical condition since it usually
doesn't have signs during its early stages, which last for weeks, months, or
years. The infected animal's health deteriorates over time until they show the
following symptoms:
·
Anemia
·
Eye Inflammation
·
Fever
·
Lethargy
·
Pale Gums
·
Persistent Diarrhea
·
Recurrent Infections
·
Unusual Breathing
·
Weight Loss
How Is It Diagnosed and Treated?
Owners who suspect that their feline is infected with FeLV should go to
a veterinarian who will conduct a simple blood test. Sometimes, a second
examination after 8 to 12 weeks is needed to verify whether the cat carries the
virus. When the doctor confirms the infection, they'll advise appropriate
measures.
Unfortunately, there is no specific treatment to eliminate the virus
from a feline's body. If they acquire other infections, the veterinarian will
prescribe antibiotics. Their immune system has already weakened, so it's also
recommended to keep them indoors to avoid contracting more diseases.
How Is It Prevented?
Knowing that this disease is difficult to treat must be scary for
owners, but the good news is it's preventable. The best way to ensure that
felines won't acquire FeLV is to vaccinate them, especially if there are many
of them inside the house. Veterinarians typically give two injections initially
and regular boosters periodically to maintain the animal's immunization. These
measures are also helpful:
·
Keep pets indoors to avoid contact with
potentially infected animals.
·
If the pet will be allowed outdoors, supervise
them.
·
Visit the veterinarian at least twice a year for
checkups.
Feline leukemia is a serious condition, so it should be diagnosed right
away, if not prevented. Owners who want to safeguard their beloved animals from
this illness should look for veterinary clinics that offer a pet checkup in Jacksonville.
Through regular screening and up-to-date vaccinations, cats will be protected
from diseases.
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